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Summary

Integral LED Nightlight/Vacancy Sensor Control for Hotel Bathroom Lighting

Lighting Control for Hotel Bathroom: Motion Sensor Nightlight vs. Conventional Bathroom Lighting

Vacancy sensor control with integral LED night light and battery back-up. If the main lighting has been activated and no occupancy is detected the light is turned off and the nightlight comes on.

Synopsis:

Lights in the bathrooms of hotels, senior living centers, and nursing homes are frequently left on for extended periods — either due to forgetfulness or so that they can serve as night-lights. The night-light function is especially critical in senior housing, where tripping and falling can cause serious problems. Hotel managers in particular have been reluctant to use occupancy sensors in bathrooms because of concerns about lights turning off when bathrooms are occupied (an occurrence referred to as “false-off”). This product has set-back times from 15 minutes to 2 hours.

The California PIER program has worked with WattStopper to combine LED technology and vacancy sensors in one easy-to-install system. A demonstration done at the Sacramento Doubletree Hotel, resulted in 46 percent savings in energy usage and received positive comments from hotel guests.

Energy Savings: 45%
Energy Savings Rating: Limited Assessment  What's this?
LevelStatusDescription
1Concept not validatedClaims of energy savings may not be credible due to lack of documentation or validation by unbiased experts.
2Concept validated:An unbiased expert has validated efficiency concepts through technical review and calculations based on engineering principles.
3Limited assessmentAn unbiased expert has measured technology characteristics and factors of energy use through one or more tests in typical applications with a clear baseline.
4Extensive assessmentAdditional testing in relevant applications and environments has increased knowledge of performance across a broad range of products, applications, and system conditions.
5Comprehensive analysisResults of lab and field tests have been used to develop methods for reliable prediction of performance across the range of intended applications.
6Approved measureProtocols for technology application are established and approved.
Simple Payback, New Construction (years): 11.6   What's this?
Simple Payback, Retrofit (years): 19.9   What's this?

Simple Payback is one tool used to estimate the cost-effectiveness of a proposed investment, such as the investment in an energy efficient technology. Simple payback indicates how many years it will take for the initial investment to "pay itself back." The basic formula for calculating a simple payback is:

Simple Payback = Incremental First Cost / Annual Savings

The Incremental Cost is determined by subtracting the Baseline First Cost from the Measure First Cost.

For New Construction, the Baseline First Cost is the cost to purchase the standard practice technology. The Measure First Cost is the cost of the alternative, more energy efficienct technology. Installation costs are not included, as it is assumed that installation costs are approximately the same for the Baseline and the Emerging Technology.

For Retrofit scenarios, the Baseline First Cost is $0, since the baseline scenario is to leave the existing equipment in place. The Emerging Technology First Cost is the Measure First Cost plus Installation Cost (the cost of the replacement technology, plus the labor cost to install it). Retrofit scenarios generally have a higher First Cost and longer Simple Paybacks than New Construction scenarios.

Simple Paybacks are called "simple" because they do not include details such as the time value of money or inflation, and often do not include operations and maintenance (O&M) costs or end-of-life disposal costs. However, they can still provide a powerful tool for a quick assessment of a proposed measure. These paybacks are rough estimates based upon best available data, and should be treated with caution. For major financial decisions, it is suggested that a full Lifecycle Cost Analysis be performed which includes the unique details of your situation.

The energy savings estimates are based upon an electric rate of $.09/kWh, and are calculated by comparing the range of estimated energy savings to the baseline energy use. For most technologies, this results in "Typical," "Fast" and "Slow" payback estimates, corresponding with the "Typical," "High" and "Low" estimates of energy savings, respectively.

Status:

Details

Integral LED Nightlight/Vacancy Sensor Control for Hotel Bathroom Lighting

Lighting Control for Hotel Bathroom: Motion Sensor Nightlight vs. Conventional Bathroom Lighting

Vacancy sensor control with integral LED night light and battery back-up. If the main lighting has been activated and no occupancy is detected the light is turned off and the nightlight comes on.
Item ID: 116
Sector: Commercial
Energy System: Lighting--Sensors & Controls

Synopsis:

Lights in the bathrooms of hotels, senior living centers, and nursing homes are frequently left on for extended periods — either due to forgetfulness or so that they can serve as night-lights. The night-light function is especially critical in senior housing, where tripping and falling can cause serious problems. Hotel managers in particular have been reluctant to use occupancy sensors in bathrooms because of concerns about lights turning off when bathrooms are occupied (an occurrence referred to as “false-off”). This product has set-back times from 15 minutes to 2 hours.

The California PIER program has worked with WattStopper to combine LED technology and vacancy sensors in one easy-to-install system. A demonstration done at the Sacramento Doubletree Hotel, resulted in 46 percent savings in energy usage and received positive comments from hotel guests.

Baseline Example:

Baseline Description: 2 lamp, 32 W T8 Fluorescent vanity luminaire
Baseline Energy Use: 96 kWh per year per unit

Comments:

Baseline energy use calculated assuming 2 lamp, 32 W T8 lamp (60 W total) and 4.4 hr/day (1606 hr/yr) of operation (PIER, 2006)

60 W * 1606 hr/yr / 1000 W/kWh = 96 kWh/yr

Manufacturer's Energy Savings Claims:

"Typical" Savings: 50%

Best Estimate of Energy Savings:

"Typical" Savings: 45%
Low and High Energy Savings: 40% to 60%
Energy Savings Reliability: 3 - Limited Assessment

Comments:

The energy savings can approach 40% to 60% when replacing a manual switch.  This involves dropping lamp wattage from 96W to 53W and dropping daily operation time from 4 hours to 2.4 hours (The PIER study on integral LED nightlights estimates lighting operation at 2.4 hr, day with the integral LED nightlight/vacancy sensor. (PIER, 2006)  However, the actual energy savings is slightly less due to the longer operation of the nightlight. It uses less than 1W, but could operate most of the time if the bathroom door is routinely kept shut, although even at 1W that only reduces annual savings by less 10 kWh.
 

Energy Use of Emerging Technology:
52.8 kWh per unit per year What's this?

Energy Use of an Emerging Technology is based upon the following algorithm.

Baseline Energy Use - (Baseline Energy Use * Best Estimate of Energy Savings (either Typical savings OR the high range of savings.))

Technical Potential:
Units: unit
Potential number of units replaced by this technology: 216,000
Comments:

Based on Navigant's 2010 Market Characterization (Navigant, 2012) for USDOE SSL Program, the U.S. lodging square footage is 5,989,372,000 with 18 lamps/1000 sf.  Using the author’s estimate of 10% vanity lamps, the total U.S. lodging vanity lamps is 10,780,870. Assuming 2 lamps/bathroom, there are 5,390,000 total lodging bathrooms in the U.S.

This report contains national data. Since the Northwest is about 4% of the population of the U.S., about 4% of the national number is used for this calculation.

Technical Potential = 4% * 5,390,000 = 216,000 units

Technical Potential = 216,000 units * 44 kWh/yr/unit = 9.4 million kWh/yr = 0.01 TWh/yr

Regional Technical Potential:
0.01 TWh per year
1 aMW
What's this?

Regional Technical Potential of an Emerging Technology is calculated as follows:

Baseline Energy Use * Estimate of Energy Savings (either Typical savings OR the high range of savings) * Technical Potential (potential number of units replaced by the Emerging Technology)

First Cost:

Installed first cost per: unit
Emerging Technology Unit Cost (Equipment Only): $55.00
Emerging Technology Installation Cost (Labor, Disposal, Etc.): $22.50
Baseline Technology Unit Cost (Equipment Only): $10.00

Comments:

Costs for the integrated LED/occupancy sensor switch and the baseline wall switch were developed from an Internet pricing review.
Labor costs to install the integrated LED switch are assumed at 0.25 hours at $90/hr.

Cost Effectiveness:

Simple payback, new construction (years): 11.6

Simple payback, retrofit (years): 19.9

What's this?

Cost Effectiveness is calculated using baseline energy use, best estimate of typical energy savings, and first cost. It does not account for factors such as impacts on O&M costs (which could be significant if product life is greatly extended) or savings of non-electric fuels such as natural gas. Actual overall cost effectiveness could be significantly different based on these other factors.

Reference and Citations:

PIER, 03/13/2006. Bathroom Lights Save Energy and Boost Safety
California Energy Commission, Public Interest Energy Research

PIER, 09/30/2005. Case Study: Hotel Bathroom Lighting Control System
California Energy Commission Public Interest Energy Research Program

Navigant, 01/01/2012. 2010 U.S. Lighting Market Characterization
U.S. Department of Energy Building Technologies Program

PG&E, 09/10/2007. Hotel Bathroom Lighting Controls: Supplement to Application Assessment Report # 0609
Pacific Gas & Electric Company, Emerging Technologies Program

PIER, 01/26/2006. Hotel/Dormitory Bathroom Lighting Control Systems
California Energy Commission’s Public Interest Energy Research Program

Rank & Scores

Integral LED Nightlight/Vacancy Sensor Control for Hotel Bathroom Lighting

There is no TAG available for this technology.
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